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Case 20-3061, Document 38, 09/16/2020, 2932233, Page18 of 23 the appellate courts do not repeatedly intervene to second-guess prejudgment rulings.” Mohawk, 558 U.S. at 106 (alterations in original) (internal quotation mark omitted) (quoting Firestone, 449 at 374; Richardson-Merrell Inc. v. Koller, 472 U.S. 424, 436 (1985)). 23. The cases cited in Maxwell’s notice of appeal do not alter this analysis. All three are inapposite because they involved appeals by intervenors — not parties — seeking to modify protective orders in civil cases. See Pichler v. UNITE, 585 F.3d 741, 745-746 (3d Cir. 2009) (third party intervernor foundation appealing order denying motion to modify protective order in civil litigation to allow third party access to discovery materials); Minpeco S.A. v. Conticommodity Servs., Inc., 832 F.2d 739, 741 (2d Cir. 1987) (Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) acting as third party intervenor appealing order denying motion to modify protective order in civil litigation to allow CFTC to obtain discovery exchanged by parties to civil case permissible because “|t]he entire controversy between the CFTC and the defendants in this case was disposed of by the district court’s denial of the government’s motion to modify the protective order’); Brown v. Maxwell, 929 F.3d 41, 46 (2d Cir. 2019) (third party intervenors, including members of the press, appealing order denying motion to modify protective order in civil litigation to allow third parties access to sealed filings, after parties to the litigation settled). Thus, appellate jurisdiction in those cases 18 DOJ-OGR- 00019384