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Case 1:20-cr-00330-AJN Document 144 United States v. Scharton, Filed 02/04/21 Page 5 of 25 FES Tes oe es a TS TN TC REN KRM EEN 5, 9 United States v. Valle, 807 F.3d 508 (2d Cir. 2015)... eee eccesceeseeecseesecnerecsaesecssessessessessecsessecaeseetaeneetaesaeeaeeneel 15 Weingarten v. United States, B65 F.5d AS (od Cit, 2OT Ts ss sa.susas.is sen.ce cas sen. 0550.45 0.68 We SSTOLIR AA TRS REA Ta ER TO HUD.ER SEA passim Statutes 18 US Cy § 2A Doerr OS OOS OOS MORES OREO RENNES Mo 2, 16, 17 18 U.S.C. § 2423 ccc ceetsecereecnersecsaeseessessessecasesecsevseesaeecsaeseesaessessecsessecnapsecsaeraeenenaes 2,17 LU OE) ee 13 18 U.S.C. § 3282. ec ccestecettecnersecersecsaesecsaesaessecsessecsessecsaesessaesaessecsessecsessecnaeneesaesaeens 1,3, 15 18 ULS.C. § 3282 (1994) occ esecseteecnertecseetecsseseetsessessecnessecsaesessaesaessessessecsassessaesantaesaeeaeens 3 18 U.S.C. § 3283. ceccccccsseceseceseeeescecssecnseeeeeeeeseecssecsecseeeeeseecsaecseeneeeesseecseenseseeseeeseeenseeneaeenas passim 18 U.S.C. § 3283 (1994) oe ccececesecsetsecnersecraesecssesaessecsessecsessecaeseeaecaessessesseenapsessaesastassaeeaeens 3 JS TAs § SBS IG) csc sz ec 6. 0 OR TAC CARE TB RR 4 18 U.S.C. § 3287 (1950) occ cseeecneteesseeeessecaetsecnenecsersectaesecsaessensessessecsessecsaesessaenaetaesaeeaeenena 12 New York Penal Law, Section 130.55 ....cccccccccccccccecseccesssssescevseseesesssesseevesseseesssstsseevenseereseas 2,3 PL 103-322. eect cneetecneeeecnaeeeessesaeesecsevsecsapsecsaeseessessessecsevsecsaesessaessesaesaeesecnassecsaeseetaeeaenaesaeeaes 17 (0 Z PL 108-21 cece cneesecnsesecssessessecsessecsaesecsaeseesaesaessessevsecsepecaeseetsessessessessecsaeseenaesaeeaesaeeaeens 3 Rules Freeads Fhe, Erith, 4 UG scree... 2050 3008 SC. AR TG TRA RET RR 8 Other Authorities Child Abduction Prevention Act, H.R. 1104,108th Cong. § 202 (2003)... eee ceeeeetereetecneneee 6 PROTECT Act, S. 151, 108th Cong. (as engrossed in the Senate, Feb. 24. 2003)... eeeeeeeeeee 7 Robert A. Katzmann, Judging Statutes (2014), at 3 ..ccccccecccccscecsseceseceseceeseeceeceseceteeesseeeseecnseenteenaes 7 iv DOJ-OGR-00002653