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in 2005 recognized Jeffrey’s generosity in assisting 27 students from 24 families to attend the school who otherwise would not have been able to. Perhaps the most unique area of Jeffrey’s philanthropy is his no-strings attached support of scientists and mathematicians who are conducting “bleeding edge” research. As previously noted, Jeffrey has always had a deep interest in mathematics and science, and is particularly attracted to research which focuses on the mathematical foundation of life. By his own admission, he actively searches out scientists who are in the forefront of such research, enjoys meeting and talking with them, and often supports their research financially with the only proviso that they keep doing what they are doing. One example of this is Murray Gell-Mann of the Santa Fe Institute, the Nobel Prize winning physicist who predicted the existence of the quark and who later collaborated with colleagues at the institute on what has become known as Chaos Theory. Another particular example is Martin A. Nowak, Ph.D., Director of the Program for Evolutionary Dynamics at Harvard University. Dr. Nowak recently wrote: Over the years Jeffrey has taken a great interest in my research work, which deals with a mathematical description of biological processes. I have had many fruitful discussions with him. Often he would ask questions, which are surprising for me. Often I feel that none of my scientific colleagues would have asked that question, because we are too engaged in our own narrow perspective. Jeffrey’s questions and proposals are highly original and always surprising. Many of his questions and ideas have led to highly successful research projects. For example, many years ago Jeffrey asked me about group selection, which led me to the discovery of the first precise mathematical theory of that topic. A bit later Jeffrey made me think about interaction networks between people. The result was ‘evolutionary graph theory’, which is new field of mathematical biology. Most recently, Jeffrey discussed with me complicated ideas about the origin of life and the transition from chemistry to biology. The discussion also resulted in a highly successful and completely new research project. ... Jeffrey has also financially supported my research projects. He has donated $500,000 to the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, where I have worked as Head of Theoretical Biology from 1998 until 2003. In 2003, Jeffrey donated $6,500,000 to Harvard University, where I work as Director of the Program for Evolutionary Dynamics and Professor of Mathematics and Biology. Both donations were meant to support my basic research work without any strings attached. 10 Public Records Request No. 19-372 DOJ-OGR- 00033230