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117 31 “People search results.” Dentons. Accessed February 28, 2018. https://www.dentons.com/en/our -professionals/people-search-results?locations=%7b01b010ec-b912-4de3-ad35-c18d31d3db87%/7d&lsSee FullTeam=1. 32 Campbell, Matthew. “A Chinese Casino Has Conquered a Piece of America.” Bloomberg Businessweek. February 15, 2018. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-02-15/a-chinese-company-has -conquered-a-piece-of-america. 33 Beitsch, Rebecca. “Lawmakers Look to Curb Foreign Influence in State Elections.” PBS Newshour. March 12, 2017. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/lawmakers-look-curb-foreign-influence-state -elections. 34 Vozella, Laura and Simon Denyer. “Donor to Clinton Foundation, McAuliffe Caught Up in Chinese Cash- for-Votes Scandal.” Washington Post. September 16, 2016. https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/virginia -politics/clinton-foundation-mcauliffe-donor-caught-up-in-chinese-cash-for-votes-scandal/ 2016/09/16 /bfb3b8fc-7c13-1le6-ac8e-cf8e0dd91dc7_story.html. 35 “Factual and Legal Analysis.” Federal Election Commission. November 9, 2017. http://eqs.fec.gov /eqsdocsMUR/17044432226. pdf. 36 “Corruption Perceptions Index 2017.” Transparency International. February 21, 2018. https://www .transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2017. 37 Qing, Koh Gui. “China Banks Miss out on US Investment Banking Bonanza.” Reuters. April 26, 2017. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-banks-wallstreet/china-banks-miss-out-on-u-s-investment -banking-bonanza-idUSKBN17SODL. 38 Miedema, Douwe. “US Fed Raps China Construction Bank over Money Laundering.” Reuters. July 22, 2015. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-fed-banks-chinaconstruction/u-s-fed-raps-china-construction -bank-over-money-laundering-idUSKCNOPV1P920150722. 39 Farrell, Greg. “China’s AgBank Fined $215 Million for Hiding Transactions.” Bloomberg. November 4, 2016. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-11-04/chinese-bank-fined-215-million-for-lax -controls-by-new-york. 40 Sender, Henny. “Fed Finds ‘Serious Deficiencies’ at China’s ICBC.” Financial Times. March 14, 2018. https://www.ft.com/content/75f6c914-273b-11e8-b27e-cc62a39d57a0. 41 Miller, Matthew. “Chinese State Entities Argue They Have ‘Sovereign Immunity’ in US” Reuters. May 11, 2016. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-usa-companies-lawsuits/chinese-state-entities-argue -they-have-sovereign-immunity-in-u-s-courts-idUSKCNOY2131. 42 While outside of this report’s focus on Chinese influence in the United States, the authors believed it important to highlight how China also leverages foreign corporations to legitimize and defend its core interests. Starting in 2018, joint ventures operating in China have been pressured to allow internal Communist Party cells an explicit role in decision making, including investment plans and personnel changes. This is but one of the most explicit signals of Chinese efforts to control foreign enterprises in an effort to legitimize and defend its rule and other core interests, such as its claim to sovereignty over Taiwan. While companies must follow the laws of the jurisdictions in which they operate, China uses the extraordinary combination of its enormous market and its authoritarianism to enforce compliance with laws and norms that deviate from practice elsewhere. Companies’ decisions to comply not only affect their financial success within China, but they can also serve to legitimize these practices internationally. China’s government directs significant attention toward American technology companies in an effort to control the flow of information in Chinese society. Many of these companies’ services in China are blocked outright or are subject to intrusive national security reviews or other regulatory obstacles. Regardless, many American companies redouble their attempted engagement with the Chinese government. But in Section 7 HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_020576