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ase 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 424-4 Filed 11/08/21 Page9Qof: Dietz 35 Funding The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publi- cation of this article. Note 1. The data on which Figure 1 is based are derived from year-by-year searches of Google Scholar for the combination of the terms “child sexual abuse” and “srooming,” excluding citations and patents. One should not assume that the underlying database is complete or that all the publications included in the count use “grooming” in this way or represent peer-reviewed literature, as newsletters, government reports, books, and other documents also make their way into such searches. Nonetheless, the graph gives an adequate representation of the growing use of the term “grooming” for this purpose. References Abraham, K. (1907). The experiencing of sexual traumas as a form of sexual activ- ity. In E. Jones (Ed.), Selected papers on psycho-analysis (pp. 47-63). London, England: Hogarth Press. Bender, L., & Blau, A. (1937). The reaction of children to sexual relations with adults. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 7, 500-518. Bender, L., & Grugett, Jr., A. E. (1952). A follow-up study of children who had atypi- cal sexual experience. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 22, 825-837. Bornstein, B. (1946). Hysterical twilight states in an eight-year-old child. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 2, 229-240. Cioffi, F. (1976). Was Freud a liar? Orthomolecular Psychiatry, 5, 275-280. Conte, J. R. (1984). The justice system and sexual abuse of children. Social Service Review, 58, 556-568. Finch, S. M. (1974). Effects of adult sexual seduction on children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 3, 33-35. Freud, A. (1968). Indications and contraindications for child analysis. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 23, 37-46. Gagnon, J. H. (1965). Female child victims of sex offenses. Social Problems, 13, 176-192. Groth, A. N., & Birnbaum, H. J. (1979). Men who rape: The psychology of the offender. New York, NY: Plenum Press. Isaacs, S. S. (1928). The mental hygiene of the pre-school child. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 8, 186-193. Johnston, M. S. K. (1979). The sexually mistreated child: Diagnostic evaluation. Child Abuse & Neglect, 3, 943-951. Kris, E. (1950). The significance of Freud’s earliest discoveries. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 31, 108-116. Lanning, K. V. (2018). The evolution of grooming: Concept and term. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 33, 5-16. DOJ-OGR- 00006306